Plagiarism and Text-Reuse Policy

Cybersecurity: Education, Science, Technique does not tolerate plagiarism, inappropriate text recycling, fabricated or falsified material, or other forms of misappropriation.

Definitions

  • Plagiarism is the presentation of another person's words, ideas, data, images, code, methods, or other intellectual contribution as one's own without appropriate attribution.
  • Unattributed translation is the translation and presentation of material from another language without acknowledging the original source; it is treated as plagiarism.
  • Inappropriate text recycling or self-plagiarism is the substantial reuse of an author's previously disseminated text, data, images, or results without transparent citation and disclosure.
  • Duplicate or redundant publication is the publication or submission of substantially the same work or findings more than once without appropriate disclosure, permission, and cross-reference.

Plagiarism may involve verbatim copying, close paraphrasing, mosaic or patchwork copying, appropriation of ideas or structure, reuse of figures or tables, misuse of source code, or inaccurate and misleading citation practices.

Screening Procedure

All submitted manuscripts are screened using text-similarity software during initial editorial screening. The journal may repeat screening after revision or at any later stage if a concern arises.

A similarity score is an indicator, not an automatic finding of plagiarism. Every report is assessed by an editor in context, taking account of properly quoted material, references, standard terminology, methods, preprints, legitimate reuse, and the nature and extent of the overlap. The journal does not base decisions solely on a fixed percentage threshold.

Editorial Action

Depending on the nature, extent, intent, and stage at which a concern is identified, the Editorial Office may:

  • request clarification, correction, quotation, citation, or rewriting;
  • return the manuscript for substantial revision;
  • reject the manuscript without peer review;
  • discontinue review and reject the manuscript;
  • contact the authors' institution, funder, or another journal where necessary and supported by evidence;
  • publish a correction, Expression of Concern, or retraction after publication.

Authors will normally be informed of the concern and given an opportunity to respond before a final decision is made, unless doing so would compromise a legitimate investigation. Decisions are based on the available evidence and the need to protect the integrity of the scholarly record.

Authors are responsible for the accuracy of quotations, citations, references, author names, data, figures, and permissions in their manuscripts.

The journal acts in accordance with applicable Ukrainian law, including the Law of Ukraine No. 2811-IX of 1 December 2022 on Copyright and Related Rights, and relevant publication-ethics guidance.